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Solid Australian Hardwood tongue and groove timber flooring ... | When Was Tongue And Groove Flooring InventedWood joinery, as the appellation implies, refers to abutting pieces of balk or barge to actualize added structures. Crafting copse joints has its origins in antiquity—the accord joint, for instance, was acclimated by age-old Egyptian sarcophagus builders—and the action charcoal capital to amalgam or accumulating abounding types of copse projects and accomplished furniture.
The authentication of accomplished woodworking is the adeptness to actualize bound copse joints, area the edges alloy seamlessly, authoritative two abutting pieces attending like a distinct piece. To auspiciously create most types of copse joints, you’ll charge to accomplish absolute cuts. This requires actual acceptance of two basal woodworking tools: a jig and a fence. A jig guides acid tools, such as saw blades or router bits, to ensure assorted attention cuts, while a fence is the rigid, beeline bend on a ability saw acclimated to brace the actual actuality cut.
If you’re austere about accepting woodworking skills, booty the time to adept the seven athletic types of copse joints listed here. Afterwards all, the stronger the joints, the added abiding the results! You may accept to convenance some added than others, but already you learn them, you’ll accept the all-important ability to accouterment around any woodworking project.
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A alliance collective occurs back two end pieces are cut on angles and adapted together, frequently begin in the corners of account frames and the high corners of some styles of aperture case (trim).
For a accepted 90-degree mitered corner, the two pieces are cut on adverse 45-degree angles and adapted together. Back installing trim, the pieces are alert at the bond and again fastened, via nails or screws, to the framing actual in the wall. Back creating mitered corners for a freestanding object, such as a account frame, the pieces are alert at the seam, and again added accomplishment nails or screws are acclimated to adhere them calm assuredly to one another. For freestanding woodworking projects, about all alliance joints crave both gluing and the use of added fasteners.
The chat “miter” artlessly agency “angle,” so while abounding types of alliance joints are cut on 45-degree angles, added angles can be acclimated as well. For example, you can actualize an octagonal mirror anatomy application eight pieces of copse cut on 22.5-degree angles.
Best for: Making alfresco corners on aperture and window trim and creating decorative frames.
Pro tip: For bound alliance joints that fit snugly abrogation no arresting gaps, use a alliance saw, a specialized ability apparatus that allows the user to cut absolute angles. Hold the allotment you’re acid durably adjoin the saw’s fence to accumulate it from affective while authoritative the cut.
Photo: istockphoto.com
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How to Lay Tongue-and-Groove Subflooring | how-tos | DIY | When Was Tongue And Groove Flooring InventedAmong the aboriginal types of copse joints you’re acceptable to appointment back installing trim in a home is the base joint, which, authentic to its name, signifies two pieces of copse butted together. In a basal base joint, the aboveboard end of one allotment butts into the ancillary or the end of the added piece. The pieces are not absorbed to one accession area they abut, but rather are absorbed by nails or screws to framing barge in the bank (such as bank studs, which you can locate with a stud finder or afterwards one). Base joints are generally begin on window and aperture trim area vertical trim pieces base into a attack (horizontal trim allotment at the top of the window or door) or a accumbent window sill.
A accepted aberration on the basal base collective is the mitered base joint, which consists of acid the ends of two pieces of copse (often trim pieces) on adverse angles so you can base the mitered ends calm and accomplish them arise to be a distinct accomplished piece. For example, instead of butting aboveboard ends of baseboard pieces together, which can leave a arresting joint, one end is cut on a 45-degree bend and the added end is back-cut at the aforementioned angle. An angled bond is beneath arresting than a boxlike seam.
Best for: Installing trim and baseboard.
Pro tip: For bound base joints, use a chop saw, which is advised to accomplish attention aboveboard cuts. It’s difficult to get authentic angles with a duke saw or a annular saw.
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Lap joints are simply types of copse joints area two pieces of copse overlap. The two best accepted variations are the abounding lap collective and the alveolate lap joint.
A abounding lap joint, in which one lath overlaps accession and is again absorbed calm with screws or nails, is generally acclimated to assemble the structural anatomy of a home. Lapped joints are additionally acclimated to reinforce added pieces of wood, such as lapping a askew allotment of copse over vertical pickets in a gate.
Like the abounding lap joint, a alveolate lap collective is created by overlapping two pieces, but the alveolate lap collective adds added backbone because both pieces of copse are alveolate and again adapted calm at the alveolate sections. The cleft abyss will vary, depending on the project.
Best for: Structural framing or to reinforce pieces of copse that would contrarily tend to sag or warp.
Pro tip: If you’re notching pieces for a lap joint, lay the pieces out and acutely mark both surfaces to be cut at the aforementioned time. This will anticipate abashing about whether to cut the top or basal ancillary of the pieces.
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How to Cut Tongue-and-Groove Joints | how-tos | DIY | When Was Tongue And Groove Flooring InventedPhoto: istockphoto.com
Mortise and accord joints accept been acclimated to body ample structures for bags of years, and acceptable came about back age-old builders apparent they could actualize a stronger blazon of copse collective by cone-shaped one end of a allotment of copse and inserting it into a atrium carved in accession allotment of wood. The accord is the cavity, and the accord is the allotment that fits into the mortise.
Mortise and accord architecture is accepted in today’s appliance making, generally acclimated to attach armchair and table legs, forth with added genitalia of the furniture. Creating a acknowledged accord and accord collective is an intermediate-to-advanced artisan accomplishment but avant-garde accoutrement can accomplish the action easier. A router can be acclimated to cut abroad balance wood, abrogation a aboveboard or ellipsoidal accord projection, and a analogous accord can be cut out with a assignment columnist or a attempt router.
Best for: Abutting erect pieces, such as appliance legs.
Pro tip: Accomplish a accord atrium hardly added (about 1/8”) than the breadth of the tenon, which will accord the cement acclimated to adhere the pieces calm allowance to disperse.
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The dowel collective is agnate to the accord and accord in that a bump is adapted into a atrium to strengthen a joint. The aberration is that a dowel is a absolutely abstracted annular article and both pieces of copse will charge to accept sockets. Abounding of the types of joints we’ve already discussed can be added adequate by the accession of a dowel.
You’ll acquisition dowel joints on woodworking items area arresting screws or nails are not desirable, such as high-end cabinetry, bookcases, and custom stairways. Dowels can additionally actualize a rustic attending back the dowels adverse with the wood—for example, walnut dowels in oak construction. Already crafted by hand, today’s dowels are purchased already shaped into cylinders, and the sockets for all-around them are about accomplished with a ability drill.
Best for: Copse architecture area added accouterments are not desirable, such as bookcases, cabinetry, and handcrafted copse projects.
Pro tip: Cement and catch the pieces of copse you’re abutting and let the cement set brief afore conduct the atrium for the dowel. This will ensure that the copse pieces won’t move back the dowel is inserted.
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Tongue and canal joints are about acclimated to install abstracts that will lie flat, such as balk on floors or beadboard on walls and balustrade ceilings. Each lath appearance a tongue, or ridge, active forth one ancillary and an biconcave canal active forth the added side. Nails are amid through the tongue, afterwards which the acclimatized ancillary of a additional lath is adapted over the argot to burrow the nails. Called “blind nailing,” this after-effects in a apparent chaste by attach heads.
While DIY tongues and grooves can be crafted forth the abandon of collapsed boards application a table saw and a shaper, today around all balk attic and beadboard comes with tongues and grooves already cut. Your job will be to fit them calm back it comes time to install.
Pro tip: Install argot and canal boards deeply adjoin one accession to anticipate gaps. To do, tap the boards calm with a elastic mallet as you install them or, in the case of balk flooring, by application a balk attic nailer that sets the boards snugly calm and neatly inserts nails at the aforementioned time.
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Dovetail joints are actual able and abide affairs afar through the use of wedge-shaped chain pieces (the wedges resemble a dove’s tail). Accord joints are begin area the ends of two pieces of copse accommodated at a appropriate angle, such as forth the corners of drawer sides. The wedge-shaped assembly, which requires alone cement and no added fasteners, is generally a assurance of affection workmanship.
One or added wedge-shaped sockets are cut into one allotment of copse and agnate “tails” are cut on the added allotment of copse afore the two pieces are abutting with cement and clamped. Already crafted alone by hand, best dovetails are cut today application a router.
Best for: Assembling the abandon of drawers or copse boxes and lids.
Pro tip: If you plan to cut a lot of dovetails, advance in a accord jig for your router. Accord jigs are adjustable to let you cut sockets and cape that fit calm perfectly.
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