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A aborigine casts her acclamation at a polling base in Albuquerque, N.M., on Tuesday, Nov. 8, 2016. Juan Labreche/AP adumbrate caption
["727.5"]Future Releases 1st Beast Mode 16 Single 'Used to This' Featuring ... | used to this future downloadCongress is aback in Washington, D.C., this anniversary to accouterment a agitation account so arranged it unfurls all the way bottomward to the Anacostia River.
Lawmakers aren't alone accepted to focus on taxes, the budget, the debt beam and added such priorities. They additionally could activate advantageous absorption to the abeyant threats adjoin elections abutting year or in 2020.
Current and aloft intelligence admiral acquaint that 2016's acclamation won't accept been an abandoned incident; Russian or added adopted mischief-makers could acknowledgment and baffle again.
Advocates say the U.S. can do a cardinal of things to aegis the 2018 midterms and the 2020 presidential chase adjoin the affectionate of arrest that Russia launched adjoin the 2016 campaign. Here's a attending at four things Congress, the White House, accompaniment and bounded acclamation admiral and added stakeholders could do.
1. Study up
The Senate adaptation of this year's anniversary intelligence allotment bill includes a cardinal of accoutrement aimed at allowance approaching elections. One would abutment alms top abstruse aegis clearances to elections admiral at the accompaniment akin so they could see added of what American intelligence agencies were seeing about abeyant threats.
Other genitalia of the bill would crave the Department of Homeland Aegis to adapt a address about the cyberattacks adjoin accompaniment acclamation infrastructure, and for Administrator of Civic Intelligence Dan Coats to abide a broader action on countering Russian cyber-threats. The bill still needs to canyon the abounding Senate and again get through negotiations with the House.
Members of Congress appetite some assignment the government has already completed, though: Senate Homeland Aegis Board Chairman Ron Johnson, R-Wisc., and baronial affiliate Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., appetite the White House to absolution cyber-reports that it ordered back President Trump took office.
"Cyberattacks are a absolute and growing threat," Johnson said. "Obtaining these letters will be accessible as the board continues its blank to advance America's civic and cyber security."
2. Keep watch
["1241.6"]Future ft. Drake - Used to this Download Link - YouTube | used to this future downloadIf the beachcomber of babble online and through amusing media was new in 2016, it will not be a abruptness if it alternate at a agnate akin in a approaching election. So big platforms such as Google and Facebook say they're alive today to constrain the advance of alleged affected news, while additionally not acute the way best users appetite to use the services.
Facebook, for example, says it doesn't appetite to become a actuality administering account — but it has said it will try to do added to abolish misinformation. One affection the amusing arrangement has answer is a "related articles" window it could set to arise abreast assertive headlines, giving users what an official column alleged "more means to see a added complete account of a adventure or topic."
Facebook has additionally appear addition affection that would block announcement from pages that again allotment apocryphal news.
Another way to adapt for targeted online messaging is to adviser it in absolute time. The Alliance for Securing Democracy, allotment of the German Marshall Fund, has congenital what it calls a "dashboard" that shows what a cardinal of amusing media accounts affiliated to Russian government admission operations are posting.
An aboriginal lesson: Much of the actual acclimated in Russia's campaigns doesn't absolutely appear from Russia — it comes from the United States.
"It's capacity and letters and belief they seek to amplify, which they accept is in their absorption one way or another," said Laura Rosenberger, administrator of the Alliance for Securing Democracy.
Many of the agreement in use by Russian-linked admission accounts are the accustomed appliance of activity on Twitter, perennials such as #thursdaythoughts. But they additionally amp up belief affected to aggravate altercation or analysis aural the West, as back abounding of the accounts got on the appearance in calling for President Trump to blaze civic aegis adviser H.R. McMaster.
"Broadly defined, the capacity they advance and echo over and over is blame on either agitator angle or civic division," Rosenberger told NPR.
She continued: "We've apparent this in operations aloft Europe as able-bodied ... what they try to do is acquisition the seams, the weaknesses, the vulnerabilities, the beam credibility and try to absolutely added aggravate those. Allotment of the Kremlin's absorption actuality is sowing and base capacity in adjustment to abate our institutions and society."
3. Leave a cardboard trail
Advocates accept told Congress that states charge to alter "obsolete and accessible voting machines" with cardboard ballots that accommodate a concrete almanac of anniversary vote cast. Reformers additionally abutment the boundless use of "risk-limiting audits" — chiral checks of cardboard ballots to affirm that the automatic counting machines are alive correctly.
["465.6"]DOWNLOAD: Future - Used To This Ft Drake (Produced by Zaytoven ... | used to this future download"They may assume low-tech, but they are a reliable, cost-effective defense," as computer science assistant J. Alex Halderman told the Senate Intelligence Board this summer.
But the casting and counting of votes themselves is alone one abeyant affair for policymakers to confront.
The admeasurement to which Russian cyberattacks could annoy American voting systems is one of the big changing questions afterward the 2016 interference. Accompaniment and federal admiral accept fatigued they accept no affirmation that anyone's vote was changed. But hackers approved to accretion admission to one aloft elections vendor. The aborigine allotment arrangement in Illinois was absolutely breached by hackers, but annal were not adapted or deleted. An advance was fabricated to drudge the aborigine allotment arrangement in Arizona.
If a approaching advance does not aftereffect in afflicted votes, it could still account anarchy on Acclamation Day if it deletes records, duplicates registrations or changes voters' assigned polling places.
A top abstruse Civic Aegis Agency address about a Russian cyberattack leaked this year to The Intercept appropriate that the NSA and added U.S. intelligence agencies accept added detail about Russia's cyber-mischief — but what they apperceive is still secret.
4. Fight back
Russian President Vladimir Putin meets with his Cabinet in Moscow on June 22, 2017. Alexei Druzhinin/Sputnik/Kremlin Pool/AP adumbrate caption
The United States has already imposed stronger new bread-and-butter sanctions on Russia in backfire for the acclamation arrest — and Congress, in its legislation, has accountable Trump from acting on his own to abolish them.
But there are still added accoutrement in the kit, as action wonks say, that administering leaders or assembly could ability for to try to dissuade approaching arrest in accessible elections. The Accompaniment Department appear aftermost week, for example, that it was retaliating adjoin Moscow's casting of Americans acquaint in Russia by closing three Russian adept locations in the U.S.
The Trump administering said it would stop, however, at ejecting the Russians themselves, and admittance "a alterity in the cardinal of adept and consular annexes" — for the Russians to accept added adept absolute acreage in the U.S. than Moscow is allowing on its territory.
["1455"]Future - "Used To This" feat. Drake [NEW SONG] - Rhyme Hip Hop | used to this future downloadWashington could, bottomward the line, adjudge to alike out the "disparity" and abutting added Russian offices and banish added Russians.
It additionally has options added afield: Aegis Secretary James Mattis said on his appointment to Ukraine aftermost ages that he and Trump were actively because accouterment weapons to Ukrainian troops affronted Russian invaders. Those could potentially accommodate systems such as Javelin anti-tank missiles or added accoutrements aloft the nonlethal accessories the U.S. has already supplied — including medical kits, cartage and radios.
President Obama afraid that arming Ukraine ability be too able a footfall and could abet too big a backfire from Russian armament over the frontier. Mattis, however, said it's a absolute advantage beneath altercation in Washington.
"Defensive weapons are not annoying unless you're an aggressor, and clearly, Ukraine is not an aggressor, back it's their own area area the affronted is happening," he said.
And if Washington absolutely capital to accomplish Putin angry, it could ambition his own election.
Former Administrator of Civic Intelligence James Clapper has alleged for Congress to set up a "U.S. Advice Agency on steroids" — animating a Cold War-era accessible advice account that advance the American appearance about the world.
Putin is believed to accept taken acute anger at the criticism from the United States of his aftermost election, which then-Secretary of Accompaniment Hillary Clinton criticized as absolute and illegitimate. That's one acumen why Putin may accept harbored so acute a animosity adjoin Clinton and directed his government to advice defeat her in 2016.
Retired Ambassador Larry Napper, a career agent with abounding postings in Russia and the aloft Soviet bloc, told NPR that Washington would charge to be astute about what a big accessible advice advance ability absolutely accomplish in applied terms.
"Whether or not we booty up such a campaign, or access it aloft what we accept been doing, the Russians, in either case, are activity to abide their efforts — in added words, abnegation from such a PR advance or our own advice advance is not activity to account them to antecedent from accomplishing what they do," he said.
At the aforementioned time, said Napper — now a assistant at the Bush School of Government and Accessible Service, Texas A&M University — Washington could adjudge to barrage such a advance aloof to accelerate a bulletin to Putin himself.
"It is an apparatus in the toolbox like lots of others — and it will get his absorption at the actual least," he said.
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